Lean

Lean originated in Toyota's manufacturing system and has been widely adopted in software development, IT service management, and business operations. The five Lean principles are: define value, map the value stream, create flow, establish pull, and seek perfection. The eight wastes (DOWNTIME): Defects, Overproduction, Waiting, Non-utilised talent, Transportation, Inventory, Motion, Extra processing. In ITIL® 5, the 'Optimise and Automate' guiding principle directly reflects Lean thinking. SAFe® is explicitly built on Lean-Agile principles.